Instant Coffee – STUDENT'S EDITION

The Task

The diagram below shows how instant coffee is produced from coffee beans.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Write at least 150 words.

← swipe to see the whole diagram →

1How many stages? Name them.

The diagram has 7 stages. It is a man-made process shown as a linear sequence – from picking coffee beans to packing instant coffee granules into jars.

Phase 1 – Preparing the beans (Stages 1–3)

1
PickingCoffee beans are picked from coffee plants.
2
RoastingThe beans are roasted at about 200°C.
3
GrindingThe roasted beans are ground into small pieces.

Phase 2 – Turning ground coffee into instant coffee (Stages 4–7)

4
Mixing with hot waterThe ground coffee is mixed with hot water.
5
FilteringThe liquid is filtered to remove the solid grounds.
6
Freeze-dryingThe liquid is frozen at −40°C and dried into granules.
7
PackingThe granules are packed into jars.

The diagram does not label the phases. This lesson divides the process into preparing the beans (stages 1–3) and making and packing the instant coffee (stages 4–7).

3Sentence Formulas – All Stages

Use these formulas to build one sentence for each stage, then check yourself in Step 5. Band 6.0 = safe and clear · Band 7.0 = more precise and more complex.

LinkerSubjectVerb (be + V3)Object / Place / ResultTime / Purpose

Stage	Band 6.0 formula	Band 7.0 formula
1 Picking	Sequencer + S + are + V3 + from + N	The process commences when + S + are + precise V3 + from + N
2 Roasting	Sequencer + S + are + V3 + at about + temperature	Following this + S + are + V3 + in + adj + N + at a temperature of approximately + number
3 Grinding	Sequencer + adj + N + are + V3 + into + adj + N	Once + V3 (reduced clause) + S + are + V3 + into + adj + N + by + N
4 Mixing with hot water	In the + phase + adj + N + is + V3 + with + N + to + V (purpose)	Turning to + N + adj + N + is + V3 + with + N + in order to + V + adj + N
5 Filtering	Then + S + is + V3 + to + phrasal V + N	Subsequently + this + N + is + V3 + through + N + to + V + any + adj + N
6 Freeze-drying	Sequencer + adj + N + is + V3 + at + temperature + and + V3 + to + V + adj + N	Following this + S + is + compound V3 + at + temperature, a process that + turns + it + into + adj + N
7 Packing	Final sequencer + S + are + V3 + into + N + and + V3 + as + N	In the final stage + the resulting + N + are + V3 + into + N, ready to be + V3 + as + N

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Use a different linker for each stage. Avoid “Then … Then … Then”.

Beginning

First / Firstly
To begin with
In the initial stage
The process begins with + N / V-ing

Middle (next step)

After that / Afterwards
Next / then (be + then + V3)
Following this / Subsequently
In the next stage

Time clauses (finished step)

Once + S + have been + V3, …
Once + (fully) + V3, …
After being + V3, …

Inside the same stage

during this stage / process
…, where + clause
…, in which + clause
…, which + verb
…, a process that + verb

Change of phase

In the second phase, …
Turning to the second phase, …

Ending

Finally / Lastly
In the final stage
The process ends with + N
… culminating in + N

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

Translate each sentence. The word in ( ) is the key word you must use. Check the Tense note, write your answer, then press Show answer.

🔒 The answers in Step 5 are locked. Enter Password 1 from your teacher:

1

Đầu tiên, hạt cà phê được hái (picked) từ cây cà phê.

Hiện tại đơn BỊ ĐỘNG: are picked

2

Tiếp theo, hạt cà phê được rang (roasted) ở khoảng 200°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are roasted

3

Sau đó, hạt đã rang được xay (ground) thành những mảnh nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are ground (V3 của grind)

4

Ở giai đoạn thứ hai, cà phê xay được trộn với nước nóng để tạo thành cà phê lỏng (liquid).

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)

5

Sau đó, chất lỏng được lọc (filtered) để loại bỏ những phần rắn.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + to V (mục đích)

6

Sau đó, cà phê lỏng được làm đông (frozen) ở −40°C và sấy khô để tạo thành những hạt nhỏ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: is frozen and dried

7

Cuối cùng, những hạt cà phê được cho vào lọ (jars) và bán dưới dạng cà phê hoà tan.

Hiện tại đơn bị động: are put and sold

6Linker Practice

Part A: drag (or tap) the linkers into the gaps. Part B: translate 10 sentences using the linker in ( ).

Part A – Drag & Drop (10 sentences)

Computer: drag a linker into a gap. Phone: tap a linker, then tap a gap. Tap a filled gap to remove its linker.

, coffee beans are picked from coffee plants.
The beans are put into an oven, roasts them at about 200°C.
roasted, the beans are ground into small pieces.
the second phase, the ground coffee is mixed with hot water.
The ground coffee is mixed with hot water make liquid coffee.
The liquid is filtered and frozen at −40°C.
The coffee is frozen and dried, a process turns it into granules.
The liquid is passed through a filter, the solids are removed.
The granules are packed into jars being sold.
, the jars of instant coffee are ready for sale.

Part B – Translate with Linkers (10 sentences)

Use the linker in ( ) and follow the Tense note.

1

Quá trình bắt đầu bằng (begins with) việc hái hạt cà phê.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động · begins with + the + N + of + N

The process begins with the picking of coffee beans.

2

Hạt được cho vào lò, chiếc lò này (which) rang chúng ở khoảng 200°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + mệnh đề which (chủ động)

The beans are put into an oven, which roasts them at about 200°C.

3

Một khi (Once) đã được rang, hạt cà phê được xay nhỏ.

Once + V3 + Hiện tại đơn bị động

Once roasted, the beans are ground.

4

Chuyển sang (Turning to) giai đoạn thứ hai, cà phê xay được trộn với nước nóng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Turning to the second phase, the ground coffee is mixed with hot water.

5

Cà phê được trộn với nước nóng nhằm (in order to) tạo ra chất lỏng.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + in order to V

The coffee is mixed with hot water in order to make a liquid.

6

Tiếp theo đó (Following this), chất lỏng được lọc.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Following this, the liquid is filtered.

7

Sau đó (Subsequently), cà phê được làm đông ở −40°C.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

Subsequently, the coffee is frozen at −40°C.

8

Cà phê được sấy đông khô, một quy trình mà (that) biến nó thành hạt.

Hiện tại đơn bị động + a process that

The coffee is freeze-dried, a process that turns it into granules.

9

Ở giai đoạn cuối (In the final stage), các hạt được đóng vào lọ.

Hiện tại đơn bị động

In the final stage, the granules are packed into jars.

10

Quá trình kết thúc bằng (ends with) việc cà phê hoà tan được đóng lọ.

Hiện tại đơn chủ động · ends with + N + being + V3

The process ends with the instant coffee being packed into jars.

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

Replace the task words with synonyms. Yellow = Band 6 feature · Purple = Band 7 feature.

Original words (task)	Synonym 1 – Band 5.5	Synonym 2 – Band 6.5	Synonym 3 – Band 7.0
The diagram (below) shows	The diagram shows	The diagram illustrates	The given diagram depicts
how instant coffee is produced	how instant coffee is made	the way in which instant coffee is made	the process by which instant coffee is manufactured
from coffee beans	from coffee beans	from coffee beans that are picked from plants	from freshly harvested coffee beans

Tip: “instant coffee” and “coffee beans” must be kept – they are the input and output. Paraphrase the verb (produced → made / manufactured).

Sample Introductions

Sample 1 – Band 6.0

The diagram illustrates the way in which instant coffee is made from coffee beans that are picked from plants.

Band 6 features: a common reporting verb (illustrates), a the way in which + passive phrase and a relative clause (that are picked).

Sample 2 – Band 7.0

The given diagram depicts the process by which instant coffee is manufactured from freshly harvested coffee beans.

Band 7 features: precise verb (depicts), a by which clause, a precise verb (manufactured) and a compound adjective (freshly harvested).

Template for students

The diagram shows / illustrates how instant coffee is made / the process by which instant coffee is produced from coffee beans.

8Overview – Band 5.0 · 6.0 · 7.0

An overview gives (1) the number of stages and (2) the start and end; higher bands add (3) the main phases in more precise language. No details (no “200°C”, “−40°C” or “hot water”).

Band 5.0

Overall, there are number steps in this process. It starts with N / V-ing and finishes with N / V-ing.

Example – Band 5.0

Overall, there are seven steps in this process. It starts with picking coffee beans and finishes with putting the coffee into jars.

Why only Band 5: two short simple sentences, basic words (steps, starts, finishes), no phases.

Band 6.0

Overall, there are number stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: A and B. The process begins with V-ing / N and ends with V-ing / N.

Example – Band 6.0

Overall, there are seven stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: preparing the beans and turning ground coffee into instant coffee. The process begins with coffee beans being picked and ends with the granules being packed into jars.

Band 7.0

Overall, the process comprises number + distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – A and B – commencing with the + N of + N and culminating in the + N of + N.

Example – Band 7.0

Overall, the process comprises seven distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – the preparation of the beans and the conversion of ground coffee into instant granules – commencing with the harvesting of coffee beans and culminating in the packing of the granules into jars.

Band 7 features: comprises, distinct, fall into, dashes for the phases, nominalisation (the + N of + N), commencing with … culminating in in one sentence.

Template – Band 6.0

Overall, there are number stages in the process, which can be divided into two main phases: phase 1 and phase 2. The process begins with V-ing / N and ends with V-ing / N.

Template – Band 7.0

Overall, the process comprises number distinct stages, which fall into two main phases – phase 1 and phase 2 – commencing with the + N of + N and culminating in the + N of + N.

9Writing Practice – Paragraph by Paragraph

Essay plan: Introduction → Overview → Body 1: Stages 1–3 → Body 2: Stages 4–7. Your writing is saved automatically on this device.

Paragraph	From	To	Content	Suggested words
Introduction	–	–	Paraphrase the task	20–35
Overview	Stage 1	Stage 7	Number of stages, 2 phases, start → end	30–40
Body 1	1. Picking	3. Grinding	Preparing the beans: Picking → Roasting → Grinding	60–80
Body 2	4. Mixing with hot water	7. Packing	Turning ground coffee into instant coffee: Mixing with hot water → Filtering → Freeze-drying → Packing	50–70

A · Introduction

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Choose the best synonym for each original word from the task.

shows →
is produced →
coffee beans →
how →
below →

Exercise 2 – Complete the Introduction

Type ONE word in each gap (do not copy the task words).

The diagram the process by instant coffee is from freshly coffee beans.

Exercise 3 – Write your Introduction

Use the template in Step 7. Use at least 3 synonyms from the table.

Words: 0 (target 20–35)

I changed the reporting verb and at least two key words of the task.
I kept technical words and explained them if needed.
My Introduction is ONE sentence and has no data.

🔒 Models open with Password 2 – unlock it in Model Answers.

B · Overview

Exercise 4 – Complete the Overview

Type ONE word (or number) in each gap.

, there are stages in the process, which can be into two main : preparing the and turning ground coffee into instant coffee. The process with coffee beans being picked and with the granules being packed into jars.

Exercise 5 – Choose the best Overview

Which sentence is a good Band 6.0+ overview?

A. Overall, the beans are roasted at about 200°C and the coffee is frozen at −40°C.B. Overall, the process has seven stages in two phases, from picking coffee beans to packing instant coffee into jars.C. Overall, instant coffee is less tasty than fresh coffee.

Why? A gives temperatures – these belong in the Body. C is an opinion – never in Task 1. B gives the number of stages, the two phases, and the start and end.

Exercise 6 – Write your Overview

Use the Band 6.0 or Band 7.0 template in Step 8.

Words: 0 (target 30–40)

I started with “Overall,”.
I gave the number of stages and the two phases.
I named the first and the last stage. No specific details or numbers.

🔒 Models open with Password 2 – unlock it in Model Answers.

C · Body 1 – from Stage 1 to Stage 3

Exercise 7 – Passive verbs

Write the correct passive form (V3) of the verb in brackets.

First, coffee beans (pick) from coffee plants.
Next, the beans (roast) at about 200°C.
After that, the roasted beans (grind) into small pieces.
The ground coffee (mix) with hot water.
Then, the liquid (filter).

Exercise 8 – Check the details in the diagram

Look at the diagram and complete each fact (one word or number).

The beans are roasted at about °C.
The roasted beans are into small pieces.
The ground coffee is mixed with hot .
In the first phase, there are stages.

Exercise 9 – Write Body 1 (Stages 1 → 3)

Start with “In the first phase, … / The process commences when …”. Use different linkers and include the key details.

Words: 0 (target 60–80)

I covered stages 1–3 in order: picking, roasting, grinding.
I used the passive for every stage (are picked, are roasted, are ground).
I included “about 200°C”.
I used at least one complex sentence (which / once).

🔒 Models open with Password 2 – unlock it in Model Answers.

D · Body 2 – from Stage 4 to Stage 7

Exercise 10 – Put the sentences in order

Choose 1–4 for each sentence.

After that, the liquid coffee is frozen at −40°C and dried to make small granules.

Finally, the granules are put into jars and sold as instant coffee.

Then, the liquid is filtered to take out the solid pieces.

In the second phase, the ground coffee is mixed with hot water to make liquid coffee.

Exercise 11 – Choose the correct linker

Pick the word or phrase that fits each gap.

, the coffee with hot water.
The coffee is freeze-dried, turns it into granules.
, the granules are packed into jars, to be sold.

Exercise 12 – Write Body 2 (Stages 4 → 7)

Start with “In the second phase, … / Turning to the production of instant coffee, …”.

Words: 0 (target 50–70)

I covered stages 4–7: mixing, filtering, freeze-drying, packing.
I included “hot water” and “−40°C”.
I ended with the output: granules in jars.

🔒 Models open with Password 2 – unlock it in Model Answers.

E · Put it all together

Exercise 13 – Your full essay

Press “Collect my paragraphs” to copy your four paragraphs here, then edit them into one essay.

Words: 0 (minimum 150)

Model Answers – Band 6.0 & Band 7.0

Try writing your own essay first, then open a model to compare. Highlighted = key collocations to learn.

🔒 The model answers are locked. Enter Password 2 from your teacher:

How Instant Coffee Is Produced

The Task

1How many stages? Name them.

Phase 1 – Preparing the beans (Stages 1–3)

Phase 2 – Turning ground coffee into instant coffee (Stages 4–7)

3Sentence Formulas – All Stages

4Linkers – Sequencing Words & Transitions

Beginning

Middle (next step)

Time clauses (finished step)

Inside the same stage

Change of phase

Ending

5Translation Practice – Vietnamese → English

6Linker Practice

Part A – Drag & Drop (10 sentences)

Part B – Translate with Linkers (10 sentences)

7Introduction – Paraphrasing the Task

Sample Introductions

8Overview – Band 5.0 · 6.0 · 7.0

Band 5.0

Band 6.0

Band 7.0

9Writing Practice – Paragraph by Paragraph

A · Introduction

Exercise 1 – Match the paraphrase

Exercise 2 – Complete the Introduction

Exercise 3 – Write your Introduction

B · Overview

Exercise 4 – Complete the Overview

Exercise 5 – Choose the best Overview

Exercise 6 – Write your Overview

C · Body 1 – from Stage 1 to Stage 3

Exercise 7 – Passive verbs

Exercise 8 – Check the details in the diagram

Exercise 9 – Write Body 1 (Stages 1 → 3)

D · Body 2 – from Stage 4 to Stage 7

Exercise 10 – Put the sentences in order

Exercise 11 – Choose the correct linker

Exercise 12 – Write Body 2 (Stages 4 → 7)

E · Put it all together

Exercise 13 – Your full essay

Model Answers – Band 6.0 & Band 7.0